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For the Year 2021

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JUVENILE CASES AND FAMILY COURT CASES: JANUARY TO DECEMBER 2021

	VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN & CHILDREN (R.A. 9262)
	Pending Beginning	CASE INFLOW			CASE OUTFLOW			Number of Pending Cases
	Pending Beginning	New Cases Filed/Raffled	Number of Cases Revived	Number of Cases Received From Other Courts/Stations	Number of Cases Decided/Resolved	Number of Cases Archived	Number of Cases Transferred to Other Courts/Stations	Number of Pending Cases
NCR	1,766	1,648	332	29	1,248	396	43	2,113
Region 1	512	383	47	6	403	44	4	618
Region 2	524	282	79	3	257	50	4	574
Region 3	1,651	1,122	170	37	1,034	235	18	1,705
Region 4	1,724	797	153	52	801	220	25	1,686
Region 5	549	401	106	26	460	65	22	527
Region 6	519	367	25	3	236	71	12	551
Region 7	739	496	45	38	337	72	20	723
Region 8	240	143	23	0	134	37	0	234
Region 9	537	141	22	0	136	26	0	567
Region 10	567	522	93	7	457	92	7	668
Region 11	609	312	61	4	380	55	4	547
Region 12	319	146	16	0	84	29	0	370
TOTAL	10,256	6,760	1,172	205	5,967	1,392	159	10,883

	HUMAN TRAFFICKING (R.A. 9208)
	Pending Beginning	CASE INFLOW			CASE OUTFLOW			Number of Pending Cases
	Pending Beginning	New Cases Filed/Raffled	Number of Cases Revived	Number of Cases Received From Other Courts/Stations	Number of Cases Decided/Resolved	Number of Cases Archived	Number of Cases Transferred to Other Courts/Stations	Number of Pending Cases
NCR	115	46	3	5	28	7	9	117
Region 1	36	14	4	0	8	1	1	39
Region 2	17	11	4	0	1	1	0	29
Region 3	63	63	5	11	30	1	8	97
Region 4	129	60	0	8	15	2	6	167
Region 5	13	2	0	0	11	1	0	4
Region 6	31	3	0	0	4	0	0	29
Region 7	104	1	5	2	24	3	6	67
Region 8	25	9	4	0	8	0	0	29
Region 9	21	2	1	0	0	0	0	38
Region 10	38	21	1	1	10	4	1	47
Region 11	33	14	0	0	7	2	0	40
Region 12	6	9	0	1	1	4	0	8
TOTAL	631	255	27	28	147	26	31	711

	HUMAN TRAFFICKING (INVOLVING MINORS)
	Pending Beginning	CASE INFLOW			CASE OUTFLOW			Number of Pending Cases
	Pending Beginning	New Cases Filed/Raffled	Number of Cases Revived	Number of Cases Received From Other Courts/Stations	Number of Cases Decided/Resolved	Number of Cases Archived	Number of Cases Transferred to Other Courts/Stations	Number of Pending Cases
NCR	270	52	6	3	60	26	2	253
Region 1	15	4	0	0	6	0	0	14
Region 2	26	2	0	0	4	0	0	32
Region 3	113	78	12	2	41	6	4	141
Region 4	102	40	2	7	30	5	0	114
Region 5	30	6	0	1	6	0	2	29
Region 6	25	4	2	0	7	3	1	19
Region 7	45	8	0	8	19	1	1	45
Region 8	29	10	2	0	3	1	0	34
Region 9	24	5	0	0	0	0	0	28
Region 10	46	19	3	3	5	4	16	56
Region 11	32	18	0	2	10	2	4	38
Region 12	14	5	0	0	8	1	0	11
TOTAL	771	251	27	26	199	49	30	814

	CHILD ABUSE (R.A. 7610)
	Pending Beginning	CASE INFLOW			CASE OUTFLOW			Number of Pending Cases
	Pending Beginning	New Cases Filed/Raffled	Number of Cases Revived	Number of Cases Received From Other Courts/Stations	Number of Cases Decided/Resolved	Number of Cases Archived	Number of Cases Transferred to Other Courts/Stations	Number of Pending Cases
NCR	2,213	2,377	295	51	1,230	677	127	2,928
Region 1	650	660	55	3	448	28	6	1,033
Region 2	405	334	42	4	173	37	3	570
Region 3	2,270	1,745	162	59	1,027	272	47	2,860
Region 4	2,245	1,350	160	137	951	339	48	2,634
Region 5	1,383	703	90	81	688	147	44	1,352
Region 6	848	497	41	38	260	41	17	1,082
Region 7	1,145	615	36	40	422	77	42	1,082
Region 8	488	417	108	0	313	83	1	618
Region 9	695	157	25	0	122	18	0	777
Region 10	823	593	93	28	386	131	18	1,028
Region 11	710	660	79	22	407	71	3	981
Region 12	341	162	7	0	82	33	0	400
TOTAL	14,216	10,270	1,193	463	6,509	1,954	356	17,345

	RAPE (R.A. 8353)
	Pending Beginning	CASE INFLOW			CASE OUTFLOW			Number of Pending Cases
	Pending Beginning	New Cases Filed/Raffled	Number of Cases Revived	Number of Cases Received From Other Courts/Stations	Number of Cases Decided/Resolved	Number of Cases Archived	Number of Cases Transferred to Other Courts/Stations	Number of Pending Cases
NCR	570	428	54	24	254	66	33	675
Region 1	867	179	48	10	270	25	16	734
Region 2	314	216	49	8	141	11	16	402
Region 3	710	331	79	93	330	43	38	784
Region 4	2,569	825	99	38	505	162	134	2,790
Region 5	593	342	135	49	256	47	85	524
Region 6	995	554	86	11	290	70	19	1,255
Region 7	1,127	272	64	87	193	28	92	1,235
Region 8	469	203	86	13	226	42	17	467
Region 9	356	90	15	1	49	16	29	362
Region 10	804	319	97	10	319	104	19	623
Region 11	1,032	431	106	40	289	88	28	1,292
Region 12	383	286	77	27	201	44	0	519
TOTAL	10,789	4,476	995	411	3,323	746	526	11,662

	RAPE (WITH MINOR VICTIMS &/OR ACCUSED)
	Pending Beginning	CASE INFLOW			CASE OUTFLOW			Number of Pending Cases
	Pending Beginning	New Cases Filed/Raffled	Number of Cases Revived	Number of Cases Received From Other Courts/Stations	Number of Cases Decided/Resolved	Number of Cases Archived	Number of Cases Transferred to Other Courts/Stations	Number of Pending Cases
NCR	1,599	1,329	192	42	635	404	65	2,068
Region 1	987	561	113	0	545	55	8	1,392
Region 2	798	575	160	4	513	40	5	982
Region 3	3,790	1,257	167	66	1,370	255	73	3,548
Region 4	2,823	1,286	285	187	876	391	29	3,402
Region 5	1,834	870	259	106	948	188	41	1,928
Region 6	857	495	98	17	315	123	24	1,007
Region 7	908	578	59	71	347	102	19	1,068
Region 8	554	364	119	0	306	74	1	655
Region 9	1,183	319	95	7	250	41	6	1,301
Region 10	907	786	108	5	351	101	8	1,357
Region 11	887	699	122	32	453	139	18	1,129
Region 12	407	232	69	0	82	63	1	561
TOTAL	17,534	9,351	1,846	537	6,991	1,976	298	20,398

	ADULTERY / CONCUBINAGE
	Pending Beginning	CASE INFLOW			CASE OUTFLOW			Number of Pending Cases
	Pending Beginning	New Cases Filed/Raffled	Number of Cases Revived	Number of Cases Received From Other Courts/Stations	Number of Cases Decided/Resolved	Number of Cases Archived	Number of Cases Transferred to Other Courts/Stations	Number of Pending Cases
NCR	133	68	16	2	47	13	2	133
Region 1	56	41	9	1	49	1	1	59
Region 2	71	45	11	2	54	3	1	74
Region 3	147	85	18	8	84	11	5	151
Region 4	128	90	13	0	60	12	4	157
Region 5	40	39	6	2	29	6	1	52
Region 6	43	23	1	0	13	1	1	52
Region 7	77	32	5	0	31	2	0	84
Region 8	26	4	3	0	14	5	0	14
Region 9	17	16	4	0	18	2	0	19
Region 10	30	32	10	0	41	2	1	33
Region 11	73	41	8	5	44	7	1	74
Region 12	13	13	9	6	29	1	0	18
TOTAL	854	529	113	26	513	66	17	920

	ACTS OF LASCIVIOUSNESS
	Pending Beginning	CASE INFLOW			CASE OUTFLOW			Number of Pending Cases
	Pending Beginning	New Cases Filed/Raffled	Number of Cases Revived	Number of Cases Received From Other Courts/Stations	Number of Cases Decided/Resolved	Number of Cases Archived	Number of Cases Transferred to Other Courts/Stations	Number of Pending Cases
NCR	347	362	35	0	257	48	2	433
Region 1	93	79	6	0	84	6	0	77
Region 2	55	77	19	2	59	4	0	89
Region 3	225	239	14	18	208	10	4	264
Region 4	330	275	31	11	238	46	3	347
Region 5	95	79	10	3	80	14	5	87
Region 6	52	68	6	1	46	4	0	73
Region 7	98	104	4	2	78	5	0	127
Region 8	68	60	3	0	52	6	8	63
Region 9	42	45	11	0	47	6	1	44
Region 10	30	65	6	0	62	3	4	32
Region 11	121	70	7	4	72	11	5	114
Region 12	23	23	3	5	13	3	2	27
TOTAL	1,579	1,546	155	46	1,296	166	34	1,777

	DRUGS CASES (INVOLVING MINORS)
	Pending Beginning	CASE INFLOW			CASE OUTFLOW			Number of Pending Cases
	Pending Beginning	New Cases Filed/Raffled	Number of Cases Revived	Number of Cases Received From Other Courts/Stations	Number of Cases Decided/Resolved	Number of Cases Archived	Number of Cases Transferred to Other Courts/Stations	Number of Pending Cases
NCR	928	475	41	102	495	44	74	936
Region 1	68	27	0	4	41	0	1	70
Region 2	50	37	1	2	36	0	1	56
Region 3	426	122	11	76	205	16	44	369
Region 4	315	215	12	27	126	19	16	367
Region 5	20	11	0	2	12	0	1	19
Region 6	100	37	4	11	20	14	3	122
Region 7	192	228	3	31	183	9	25	230
Region 8	23	8	0	0	10	0	0	21
Region 9	143	9	0	2	18	1	0	129
Region 10	81	68	9	6	41	8	16	101
Region 11	151	137	5	39	68	5	28	229
Region 12	42	12	0	0	15	2	0	37
TOTAL	2,539	1,386	86	302	1,270	118	209	2,686

	ALL OTHER CHILD & FAMILY CASES (CRIMINAL)
	Pending Beginning	CASE INFLOW			CASE OUTFLOW			Number of Pending Cases
	Pending Beginning	New Cases Filed/Raffled	Number of Cases Revived	Number of Cases Received From Other Courts/Stations	Number of Cases Decided/Resolved	Number of Cases Archived	Number of Cases Transferred to Other Courts/Stations	Number of Pending Cases
NCR	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 1	82	42	4	0	39	4	0	83
Region 2	76	39	12	3	43	4	0	80
Region 3	7	3	0	13	2	0	0	21
Region 4	389	57	3	11	42	5	0	394
Region 5	37	33	2	0	24	3	0	75
Region 6	30	19	1	0	15	2	0	33
Region 7	160	35	6	3	25	4	7	88
Region 8	55	33	5	0	21	3	0	64
Region 9	55	16	2	0	18	5	0	66
Region 10	193	93	9	3	53	13	1	233
Region 11	77	58	6	11	54	16	1	87
Region 12	17	18	0	0	5	1	0	30
TOTAL	1,178	446	50	44	341	60	9	1,254

	CUSTODY OF MINOR
	Pending Beginning	CASE INFLOW			CASE OUTFLOW			Number of Pending Cases
	Pending Beginning	New Cases Filed/Raffled	Number of Cases Revived	Number of Cases Received From Other Courts/Stations	Number of Cases Decided/Resolved	Number of Cases Archived	Number of Cases Transferred to Other Courts/Stations	Number of Pending Cases
NCR	153	55	2	2	57	1	3	142
Region 1	30	14	0	0	17	1	1	31
Region 2	3	2	0	0	1	1	0	3
Region 3	58	26	1	1	41	0	1	48
Region 4	43	25	2	0	24	1	1	44
Region 5	7	11	0	3	8	0	0	10
Region 6	16	11	2	0	8	1	0	21
Region 7	37	13	1	3	16	1	3	34
Region 8	1	5	0	1	1	0	1	5
Region 9	12	2	0	0	1	0	0	14
Region 10	5	4	0	0	5	0	0	6
Region 11	15	5	0	4	7	0	3	13
Region 12	3	0	0	0	3	0	0	1
TOTAL	383	173	8	14	189	6	13	372

	ADOPTION
	Pending Beginning	CASE INFLOW			CASE OUTFLOW			Number of Pending Cases
	Pending Beginning	New Cases Filed/Raffled	Number of Cases Revived	Number of Cases Received From Other Courts/Stations	Number of Cases Decided/Resolved	Number of Cases Archived	Number of Cases Transferred to Other Courts/Stations	Number of Pending Cases
NCR	280	113	13	1	112	10	1	284
Region 1	288	68	14	2	95	13	0	267
Region 2	64	15	0	0	18	1	0	59
Region 3	252	60	6	2	109	5	1	214
Region 4	198	48	2	1	54	4	1	190
Region 5	47	14	0	1	21	1	1	40
Region 6	223	43	7	0	43	8	1	224
Region 7	198	69	3	5	51	7	5	187
Region 8	94	14	1	0	27	1	0	85
Region 9	68	18	2	0	12	1	0	73
Region 10	74	20	11	0	27	6	0	71
Region 11	89	34	2	0	53	1	1	71
Region 12	36	9	1	0	7	0	0	40
TOTAL	1,911	525	62	12	629	58	11	1,805

	GUARDIANSHIP
	Pending Beginning	CASE INFLOW			CASE OUTFLOW			Number of Pending Cases
	Pending Beginning	New Cases Filed/Raffled	Number of Cases Revived	Number of Cases Received From Other Courts/Stations	Number of Cases Decided/Resolved	Number of Cases Archived	Number of Cases Transferred to Other Courts/Stations	Number of Pending Cases
NCR	111	85	4	1	58	1	1	138
Region 1	13	7	0	0	10	1	0	14
Region 2	8	3	0	0	4	0	0	8
Region 3	35	27	2	0	25	1	0	34
Region 4	32	31	0	0	21	0	0	47
Region 5	12	9	0	0	10	0	0	11
Region 6	25	12	2	0	10	1	0	27
Region 7	16	23	1	0	12	1	0	26
Region 8	3	2	0	0	2	0	0	3
Region 9	7	6	0	0	5	1	0	10
Region 10	9	16	4	0	13	2	2	13
Region 11	11	10	0	4	12	0	0	13
Region 12	5	2	0	0	4	0	0	3
TOTAL	287	233	13	5	186	8	3	347

	PETITION FOR PROTECTION ORDER
	Pending Beginning	CASE INFLOW			CASE OUTFLOW			Number of Pending Cases
	Pending Beginning	New Cases Filed/Raffled	Number of Cases Revived	Number of Cases Received From Other Courts/Stations	Number of Cases Decided/Resolved	Number of Cases Archived	Number of Cases Transferred to Other Courts/Stations	Number of Pending Cases
NCR	119	54	2	5	39	1	3	134
Region 1	7	13	0	0	12	0	0	5
Region 2	7	3	0	0	7	0	0	3
Region 3	16	13	0	2	7	0	2	22
Region 4	32	6	0	1	14	1	3	19
Region 5	16	27	1	0	27	0	0	19
Region 6	41	16	0	1	13	1	1	42
Region 7	33	18	0	2	11	0	2	35
Region 8	64	28	0	0	41	0	0	46
Region 9	13	9	0	0	6	0	0	17
Region 10	18	12	2	4	15	1	3	14
Region 11	32	26	0	0	32	0	1	27
Region 12	9	4	0	0	1	0	0	12
TOTAL	407	229	5	15	225	4	15	395

	FAMILY COURT CASES
	Pending Beginning	CASE INFLOW			CASE OUTFLOW			Number of Pending Cases
	Pending Beginning	New Cases Filed/Raffled	Number of Cases Revived	Number of Cases Received From Other Courts/Stations	Number of Cases Decided/Resolved	Number of Cases Archived	Number of Cases Transferred to Other Courts/Stations	Number of Pending Cases
NCR	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 6	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1
Region 7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 9	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 10	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	3
Region 11	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 12	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
TOTAL	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	4

	CHILD & FAMILY CASES (CIVIL)
	Pending Beginning	CASE INFLOW			CASE OUTFLOW			Number of Pending Cases
	Pending Beginning	New Cases Filed/Raffled	Number of Cases Revived	Number of Cases Received From Other Courts/Stations	Number of Cases Decided/Resolved	Number of Cases Archived	Number of Cases Transferred to Other Courts/Stations	Number of Pending Cases
NCR	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 9	201	18	0	0	4	0	0	224
Region 10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 11	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Region 12	3	2	0	0	1	0	0	1
TOTAL	204	20	0	0	5	0	0	225

	SPECIAL PROCEEDINGS
	Pending Beginning	CASE INFLOW			CASE OUTFLOW			Number of Pending Cases
	Pending Beginning	New Cases Filed/Raffled	Number of Cases Revived	Number of Cases Received From Other Courts/Stations	Number of Cases Decided/Resolved	Number of Cases Archived	Number of Cases Transferred to Other Courts/Stations	Number of Pending Cases
NCR	2,368	883	66	36	887	38	36	2,308
Region 1	822	420	42	6	502	41	22	728
Region 2	540	232	5	2	250	6	5	499
Region 3	1,181	454	22	77	633	17	9	1,015
Region 4	2,144	784	12	21	803	17	47	2,040
Region 5	537	545	16	3	488	22	9	581
Region 6	1,109	365	28	9	368	41	12	1,088
Region 7	1,691	509	25	42	683	17	36	1,475
Region 8	508	233	4	1	265	2	2	487
Region 9	440	138	7	2	137	9	4	418
Region 10	882	470	11	10	507	9	10	858
Region 11	903	320	15	10	341	9	7	895
Region 12	499	197	18	46	196	0	22	541
TOTAL	13,624	5,550	271	265	6,060	228	221	12,933

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Supreme Court of the Philippines

Padre Faura St., Ermita, Manila
Philippines 1000

Follow us on Twitter @SCPh_PIO.
Thank you for your continued support and feedback.

Contact Info

For queries and comments,
please email us at:

pio.sc@judiciary.gov.ph
chiefjusticehelpdesk@
judiciary.gov.ph

Or call us at:

+63 2 8552-9644 | +63 908 850-0919

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Supreme Court of the Philippines

Padre Faura St., Ermita, Manila
Philippines 1000

Follow us on Twitter @SCPh_PIO.
Thank you for your continued support and feedback.

Contact Info

For queries and comments,
please email us at:

pio.sc@judiciary.gov.ph
chiefjusticehelpdesk@
judiciary.gov.ph

Or call us at:

+63 2 8552-9644 | +63 908 850-0919

Downloads

Useful Links

Supreme Court of the Philippines

Padre Faura St., Ermita, Manila
Philippines 1000

Follow us on Twitter @SCPh_PIO.
Thank you for your continued support and feedback.

Contact Info

For queries and comments,
please email us at:

pio.sc@judiciary.gov.ph
chiefjusticehelpdesk@
judiciary.gov.ph

Or call us at:

+63 2 8552-9644
+63 908 850-0919

Downloads

Useful Links

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Privacy Statement

© 2023 The Supreme Court of the Philippines. All rights reserved.

Privacy Statement

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Statement of Commitment to Data Privacy and Security

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The foregoing personal data shall be processed for the following purposes:

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Personal data collected shall be processed for purposes of determining the profile of SC website users for reference in helping the Supreme Court in effectively managing the SC website as well as in the SC’s dissemination of information to the public.

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The Supreme Court website uses Google Analytics to gather anonymous statistical information from site visitors. Such data are used by the Supreme Court to improve website user experience. You may read about Google Analytics in this link: https://www.avast.com/c-how-google-uses-your-data

You may also choose not to allow Google to collect your information by clicking this link: https://www.avast.com/c-how-google-uses-your-data – please scroll down to ask Google to delete your data

How do we protect your personal data?

The foregoing personal data shall be captured, stored, and retrieved by the Supreme Court and its offices as may be necessary and with utmost security and confidentiality.

How do we retain your personal data?

The collected personal data shall be stored in the Supreme Court server. Such personal data shall not be shared to unauthorized persons.

How long will we keep your personal data?

Such personal data shall be retained for a period of one year. For exceptional circumstances, the data may be retained for as long as needed in the performance of the functions of the Supreme Court and its offices.

Under the Data Privacy Regulations, retention of personal data shall only be for as long as necessary:

a) for the fulfillment of the declared, specified, and legitimate purpose, or when the processing relevant to the purpose has been terminated;

b) for the establishment, exercise or defense of legal claims; or

c) for legitimate business purposes, which must be consistent with standards followed by the applicable industry or approved by appropriate government agency.

However, personal data originally collected for a declared, specified, or legitimate purpose may be processed further for historical, statistical, or scientific purposes, and, in cases laid down in law, may be stored for longer periods, subject to implementation of the appropriate organizational, physical, and technical security measures

How do we dispose of the collected personal data after the retention period?

Your personal data shall be retained: (a) only until your requests or concerns are addressed; or (ii) for a longer period, in exceptional cases, such as when legal issues arise from your requests or concerns or its processing, after which the personal data shall be anonymized and/or expunged. In all cases, your personal data will be stored in a secure manner to ensure its confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

What are your rights as a data subject?

Under the Data Privacy Regulations, you are entitled to the following rights as data subject, which you may exercise at your discretion:

a) The right to be informed

You have the right to be informed whether personal data pertaining to you shall be, are being or have been processed.

b) The right to access

Under the DPA, individuals can request access to any of their personal data held by the Supreme Court, subject to certain restrictions. Any such request should be addressed to the Data Protection Officer.

c) The right to object

You have a right to object to the processing of your personal data, including processing for direct marketing, automated processing or profiling.

d) The right to erasure or blocking

You have the right to suspend, withdraw or order the blocking, removal, or destruction of your personal data from the Supreme Court’s filing system subject to the provisions of the Data Privacy Regulations.

e) The right to damages

You have the right to be indemnified for any damages sustained due to inaccurate, incomplete, outdated, false, unlawfully obtained, or unauthorized use of personal data, considering any violation of your rights and freedoms as data subject.

f) The right to file a complaint before the National Privacy Commission (NPC)

If you feel that your rights have been violated or your personal data has been misused, maliciously disclosed, or improperly disposed of, you have the right to file a complaint before the NPC.

g) The right to rectification

You have the right to dispute any inaccuracy or error in your personal data and have the Supreme Court correct it immediately, unless the request is vexatious or unreasonable.

h) The right to data portability

You have the right to obtain a copy of your data in an electronic or structured format that is commonly used and allows for further use by the data subject.

Changes to our Privacy Notice:

The Privacy Notice may be updated from time to time. If material changes to the Query Form are required, any revisions shall be published on the Supreme Court website under the News and Announcements page for your immediate guidance. Therefore, we encourage you to review this Privacy Notice periodically so that you are up to date on our most current policies and practices. This Privacy Notice was last updated on February 07, 2023.

How do you contact us?

If you have any privacy concerns or questions about your data privacy rights or our Privacy Notice, please contact us through:

SUPREME COURT COMMITTEE ON DATA PRIVACY
Supreme Court of the Philippines
Padre Faura St., Ermita, Manila
Philippines 1000
+63 908 850-0919 / +63 2 8552-9644
pio.sc@judiciary.gov.ph / chiefjusticehelpdesk@judiciary.gov.ph

The Supreme Court Under
the 1987 Constitution

As in the 1935 and 1973 Constitutions, the 1987 Constitution provides that “[t]he judicial power shall be vested in one Supreme Court and in such lower courts as may be established by law.” (Art. VII, Sec. 1). The exercise of judicial power is shared by the Supreme Court with all lower courts, but it is only the Supreme Court’s decisions that are vested with precedential value or doctrinal authority, as its interpretations of the Constitution and the laws are final and beyond review by any other branch of government.

Unlike the 1935 and 1973 Constitutions, however, the 1987 Constitution defines the concept of judicial power. Under paragraph 2 of Section 1, Article VIII, “judicial power” includes not only the “duty of the courts of justice to settle actual controversies involving rights which are legally demandable and enforceable” but also “to determine whether or not there has been a grave abuse of discretion amounting to lack or excess of jurisdiction on the part of any branch or instrumentality of the government.” This latter provision dilutes the effectivity of the “political question” doctrine which places specific questions best submitted to the political wisdom of the people beyond the review of the courts.

Building on previous experiences under former Constitutions, the 1987 Constitution provides for specific safeguards to ensure the independence of the Judiciary. These are found in the following provisions:

- The grant to the Judiciary of fiscal autonomy. “Appropriations for the Judiciary may not be reduced by the legislature below the amount appropriated for the previous year, and, after approval, shall be automatically and regularly released.” (Art. VIII, Sec. 3).
- The grant to the Chief Justice of authority to augment any item in the general appropriation law for the Judiciary from savings in other items of said appropriation as authorized by law. (Art. VI, Sec. 25[5])
- The removal from Congress of the power to deprive the Supreme Court of its jurisdiction over cases enumerated in Section 5 of Article VIII.
- The grant to the Court of the power to appoint all officials and employees of the Judiciary in accordance with the Civil Service Law (Art. VIII, Sec. 5 [6])
- The removal from the Commission of Appointments of the power to confirm appointments of justices and judges (Art. VIII, Sec. 8)
- The removal from Congress of the power to reduce the compensation or salaries of the Justices and judges during their continuance in office. (Art. VIII, Sec. 10)
- The prohibition against the removal of judges through legislative reorganization by providing that “(n)o law shall be passed reorganizing the Judiciary when it undermines the security of tenure of its members. (Art. VIII, Sec. 2)
- The grant of sole authority to the Supreme Court to order the temporary detail of judges. (Art. VIII, Sec. 5[3])
- The grant of sole authority to the Supreme Court to promulgate rules of procedure for the courts. (Art. VIII, Sec. 5[5])
- The prohibition against designating members of the Judiciary to any agency performing quasi-judicial or administrative function. (Art. VIII, Sec. 12)
- The grant of administrative supervision over the lower courts and its personnel in the Supreme Court. (Art. VIII, Sec. 6)

The Supreme Court under the present Constitution is composed of a Chief Justice and 14 Associate Justices. The members of the Court are appointed by the President from a list, prepared by the Judicial and Bar Council, of at least three nominees for every vacancy. This new process is intended to “de-politicize” the courts of justice, ensure the choice of competent judges, and fill existing vacancies without undue delay.

The Supreme Court Under
the Revolutionary Government

Shortly after assuming office as the seventh President of the Republic of the Philippines after the successful People Power Revolution, then President Corazon C. Aquino declared the existence of a revolutionary government under Proclamation No. 1 dated February 25, 1986. Among the more significant portions of this Proclamation was an instruction for “all appointive officials to submit their courtesy resignations beginning with the members of the Supreme Court.” The call was unprecedented, considering the separation of powers that the previous Constitutions had always ordained, but understandable considering the revolutionary nature of the post-People Power government. Heeding the call, the members of the Judiciary—from the Supreme Court to the Municipal Circuit Courts—placed their offices at the disposal of the President and submitted their resignations. President Corazon C, Aquino proceeded to reorganize the entire Court, appointing all 15 members.

On March 25, 1986, President Corazon Aquino, through Proclamation No. 3, also abolished the 1973 Constitution and put in place a Provisional “Freedom” Constitution. Under Article I, Section 2 of the Freedom Constitution, the provisions of the 1973 Constitution on the judiciary were adopted insofar as they were not inconsistent with Proclamation No. 3.

Article V of Proclamation No. 3 provided for the convening of a Constitutional Commission composed of 50 appointive members to draft a new constitution; this would be implemented by Proclamation No. 9. Under the leadership of retired SC Justice Cecilia Muñoz Palma as its President, the Constitutional Commission of 1986 submitted its output of to the people for ratification.

By a vote of 76.30%, the Filipino people then ratified the Constitution submitted to them in a national plebiscite on February 2, 1987.

President Aquino, other civilian officials, and members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines, upon the announcement of the ratification of the 1987 Constitution, swore allegiance to the new charter on February 11, 1987 thereby putting an end to the revolutionary government.